What Are the Parts of an Arm?
The human arm is a complex and versatile structure composed of several distinct parts. Understanding the anatomy of the arm is crucial for comprehending its functions, mobility, and potential injuries.
1. Shoulder Joint
The shoulder joint connects the arm to the torso. It is formed by the articulation of the clavicle (collarbone), scapula (shoulder blade), and humerus (upper arm bone). The rotator cuff, a group of muscles and tendons, stabilizes the shoulder and allows for a wide range of motion.
2. Humerus
The humerus is the longest bone in the arm. It extends from the shoulder joint to the elbow. The humerus has a shaft, a proximal end (near the shoulder), and a distal end (near the elbow).
3. Elbow Joint
The elbow joint is a hinge joint formed by the humerus, radius (forearm bone), and ulna (forearm bone). It allows for flexion (bending) and extension (straightening) of the forearm.
4. Radius and Ulna
The radius and ulna are the two bones of the forearm. The radius is on the thumb side, while the ulna is on the little finger side. These bones articulate with the humerus at the elbow and the wrist at the distal end.
5. Wrist Joint
The wrist joint is a complex joint formed by the radius, ulna, and eight small carpal bones. It allows for a wide range of motion, including flexion, extension, radial deviation (bending towards the thumb), and ulnar deviation (bending towards the little finger).
6. Hand
The hand is a highly specialized structure composed of 27 bones arranged in the palm, metacarpals, and phalanges. The palm contains five metacarpals, which connect to the phalanges (finger bones). The thumb has two phalanges, while the other fingers have three phalanges each.
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